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Coasts and Oceans
Number 53
Australian Centre for Maritime Studies, November 1997
The Australian Maritime Digest is published monthly by the Australian Centre for Maritime Studies on behalf of the Kindred Maritime Organisations for the benefit of the Australian maritime community.
Australia's seafood industry stood to gain from increased agri-food exports to Asia with the total Asian food market increasing in value by 25 per cent to over $1,000 billion by the year 2000.
The Prime Minister, Mr Howard, indicated this in a recent statement on the Supermarket to Asia theme in Hobart.
Mr Howard said the agri-food industry - with a turnover of more than $60 billion a year - was the largest industry in Australia. It employed over half a million people and total food and beverage exports stood at more than $19 billion a year. Australia currently contributed about six per cent of the imported food into Asia and there was plenty of scope for growth and expansion.
The Supermarket to Asia Council had set an 'ambitious but quite achievable' target to accelerate current food export growth to about $16 billion a year which would create an additional 10,000 jobs in Australia and encourage an extra 2000 small and medium-sized enterprises to commit to exporting.
As part of this push Mr Howard announced a pilot project which would provide assistance to a South Australian aquacultural venture - Ocean Gold Investments - to develop the market for two new value-added blue swimmer crab products.
The Government would be working with the company on the complete supply side chain, from product development, to market penetration, to transport logistics.
Assistance would be provided under the Supermarket to Asia's Delicatessen Program which aimed to establish markets for new, high value niche food products tailored specifically to meet Asian market requirements.
Further projects would be announced in coming weeks.
Mr Howard also announced that the Federal Government was providing funds to support the establishment of Air and Sea Export Freight Councils - based on a successful Western Australian model. These would bring producers, processors, packers and transporters together to fix logistic problems.
For further information contact the Prime Minister's office, phone (02) 6277 7700.
Backbencher, Mr Mark Vaile, has replaced Mr John Sharp as Minister for Transport.
The change was announced by the Prime Minister, Mr Howard, as part of a Ministerial reshuffle on 5 October.
Mr Howard said some elements of the Transport and Regional Development Department which dealt with maritime matters would move to the Department of Workplace Relations and Small Business, where maritime reform would continue to be a major policy priority under its Minister, Mr Peter Reith.
For further information contact the Prime Minister's office, phone (02) 6277 7700.
The Federal Government's new ministerial arrangements would only bring confusion to maritime transport policy, the Shadow Minister for Transport, Mr Lindsay Tanner, said recently.
He claimed that the Prime Minister, Mr Howard, seemed to think that the only issue in maritime policy was waterfront industrial relations.
'He has shifted responsibility for all maritime transport issues, including maritime safety, accident investigation, ANL and oil spills, to the Minister for Industrial Relations,' Mr Tanner said.
'There are a number of critical maritime issues which are connected directly with other transport modes, such as intelligent transport systems, logistics and intermodal connections. It is absurd that this nexus should be severed within Government in order to satisfy the Coalition's obsession with the waterfront.
'Improving Australia's waterfront performance involves a number of issues, and requires constructive engagement by Government. Reinforcing the perception that industrial conflict is the solution merely hinders genuine progress, and it is unlikely to deliver economic benefits for Australia.'
For further information, contact Warren Mundy, phone (03) 9347 5000.
Maintenance of fishing stocks for the long-term future, research and development, by-catch issues and native title implications will be among the topics discussed at a major fishing conference in 1999.
Known as the Asia-Pacific Fishing 99 Conference and Exhibition, the event follows the inaugural conference held in July this year.
The 1999 conference will be held from 6-8 July in Cairns.
Organisers said they were also considering a similar event in Bangkok in July 1998.
For further information contact Baird Publications, phone (03) 9826 8741.
A national code of conduct for coastal aquaculture development is expected to be drafted by January.
Industry, government agencies and community organisations taking part in a one-day workshop in Hobart agreed there was a need for a uniform code, which laid down principles to maintain a clean coastal environment under multiple use.
Under these uniform principles, individual codes of practice, as distinct from a code of conduct, would continue to be necessary on a State and species basis.
The meeting recommended that a national code of conduct should be a joint initiative of the Australian Seafood Industry Council and the Australian Aquaculture Forum, to be owned and managed by the aquaculture industry.
The initial draft will be prepared by SeaQual's Jayne Gallagher, who said she envisaged it as a national statement about aquaculture's attitude to the environment.
Her draft will be circulated for comment among industry groups, community organisations and government agencies.
Article reproduced from R&D News, official newsletter of the Fisheries Research & Development Corporation.
For further information contact Jayne Gallagher (SeaQual Manager), phone (02) 6281 0383.
Australia is pushing for a global whale sanctuary in order to secure a permanent international ban on commercial whaling.
This was outlined in the Government's response to the report of the National Task Force on Whaling on 20 October as the International Whaling Commission was set to meet in Monaco.
In accepting the recommendations of the Task Force, the Government signalled its intention to lead the world in efforts to turn the existing moratorium into a permanent international ban on commercial whaling. Australia's long-term strategy to achieve a permanent end to commercial whaling will involve the following initiatives:
The Government has indicated that Australia is determined to pursue vigorously at the international level the protection of all whales.
At the IWC meeting, Australia was set to strongly oppose any moves to resume commercial whaling, whether in territorial waters, Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) or on the high seas. Australia was expected to reject any proposed 'trade-off' which involved allowing commercial whaling in coastal waters.
Australia's ideal position was to support a global sanctuary covering all waters. The Government accepted the Task Force's recommendation that we pursue a sanctuary covering all EEZs and the high seas. In addition, Australia would encourage nations to follow its example and ban commercial whaling in all waters under their jurisdiction including territorial waters.
For further information contact Matt Brown, phone (02) 6277 7640 or 0419 693515.
A major international conference on prevention of marine environmental pollution and response is planned to take place in Cairns from 18 to 20 August next year.
Known as Spillcon 98, the conference is being organised by the Australian Institute of Petroleum and the Australian Maritime Safety Authority.
It has been endorsed by the International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association (IPIECA) which has responsibilities for global environmental issues relating to the petroleum industry, including oil spill preparedness and response and the Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Limited (APPEA) which seeks to promote a legislative, administrative, economic and social framework which effectively promotes safe, environmentally responsible and profitable oil and gas exploration, development and production.
The Maritime Safety Authority of New Zealand has also endorsed the conference.
Representatives of the oil industry, Federal, State and Local Government Marine and Port organisations, tug and salvage companies, pollution response equipment suppliers, shipowners, operators and managers are expected to attend, as well as marine scientists and researchers, environmental and wildlife specialists and response specialists.
The conference will focus on:
A one-day awareness visit will be arranged by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority and a range of post-conference technical workshops will be staged.
AMSA and the Australian Marine Oil Spill Centre, in conjunction with Queensland Transport, will demonstrate the deployment of booms, skimmers, dispersal and other oil spill response equipment in the Port of Cairns.
A trade exhibition will be held in conjunction with the conference.
For further information contact Julie Morrison, The Meeting Planners, 108 Church Street, Hawthorn VIC 3122, phone (03) 9819 3700.
The Federal Government has confirmed the final arrangements for the collection of the Environmental Management Charge (EMC) for the Great Barrier Reef following acceptance of a proposal put forward by tourism operators to minimise the impact of its collection.
The Government said its aim was to achieve a fairer share between taxpayers and tourists for the financial burden of managing and protecting the Reef. Under the existing arrangements, a $2 EMC has been applied since January 1997 with a $4 Tourist Visitor Charge to be introduced from January 1, 1998. This arrangement was agreed to following consultation with industry groups.
Under the proposals put forward by tourism operators there will now be one fee only - a $4 EMC. Introduction of the revised fee has been delayed until 1 April 1998.
The Government said it accepted the compromise offer because it represented a win-win situation and did not represent an excessive burden on the tourist industry.
For further information contact Matt Brown, phone (02) 6277 7640 or 0419 693 515.
An Australian has been elected chairman of the International Maritime Organisation's Marine Environment Protection Committee.
The appointment of Mr Mike Julian, who is head of the Australian Maritime Safety Authority's Marine Environment Protection Services (MEPS), came during a meeting of the UN shipping body's committee in London recently.
Mr Julian, who first headed MEPS at AMSA in September 1990, has been appointed for calendar year 1998. However, previous chairs of the Committee have usually served for about four years, and Mike Julian is hopeful of a similar period of stewardship.
The Committee's essential role is protection of the international marine environment from pollution by shipping activities - a job MEPS carries out in Australia.
MEPS oversaw the Review in 1992-93 of the National Plan for Pollution of the Sea by Oil, which enhanced cooperative arrangements between the Federal and State governments and the industry.
It was also instrumental in bringing to a satisfactory conclusion the Iron Baron oil spill incident off Tasmania in 1995 and the grounding of the Peacock on the Great Barrier Reef last year.
Asked why he had been nominated to head the IMO Committee, Mr Julian said he had been leading Australia's delegation to the MEPC since 1991, and has a good understanding of how the IMO operates. 'I also think Australia's role at the IMO as an "honest broker" is receiving increasing recognition,' he said. 'We are not a major ship-owning nation in terms of tonnage, but we are seen as environmentally responsible and as a nation at the forefront of promoting ship safety.
'I believe, too, that AMSA's proactive role at IMO on a range of maritime safety and marine environment protection issues has been noted, as has our geographical location as a Pacific Rim nation.'
The IMO has three major Committees - the Maritime Safety Committee, the Marine Environment Protection Committee and the Legal Committee. It is also served by a full time Secretariat.
Mr Julian will also be an ex-officio member of the board of the International Maritime University in Malmo, Sweden.
For further information contact Mike Julian (AMSA), phone (02) 6279 5935, or Robin Poke (AMSA PR), phone (02) 6279 5888.
Arising from a government decision in August directing the Australian Defence Force to protect Australia's sovereign interests in our sub-Antarctic territories - Heard and McDonald Islands - the Navy's newest frigate, HMAS Anzac, on 21 October apprehended two foreign fishing vessels allegedly operating illegally in Australia's Exclusive Economic Zone. The vessels have since been escorted to Fremantle where appropriate court actions will be initiated.
The Masters of both vessels could be charged under the Fisheries Management Act which provides for fines up to $250,000 and forfeiture of vessels' catch and gear.
The mission carried out by HMAS Anzac, and supported by HMAS Westralia, involved a return voyage of over 4000 nautical miles, together with the need to conduct operations including helicopter sorties in demanding conditions of low visibility, strong winds and high seas.
Government Ministers McLachlan, Hill, Parer and Downer all expressed complete satisfaction in the operation and its results.
For further information contact the office of the Minister for Defence, phone (02) 6277 7800, fax (02) 6273 4118.
The Australian Maritime Engineering Cooperative Research Centre (AMECRC) had made great strides in support of the industry and a number of worthwhile commercially orientated projects would not have developed without it.
Leading edge research by the Centre had resulted in a turnover of millions of dollars involving multiple returns on research investment in a matter of months.
AMECRC Chairman, Dr Don Williams, said this recently when commenting on the Report of the Stage One panel reporting on the first five years of the CRC.
He said the report endorsed the value of the Centre in raising the international profile and achievements of Australian industry in a major growth sector.
The Panel's report demonstrated beyond doubt that the recommendations of the Mortimer Report, Going for Growth, that funding for CRCs should be terminated for other than 'public good' research was a total misunderstanding of what CRCs were about.
Dr Williams said he had written to the Federal Science Minister in this vein and the Chairman of the Panel, Mr Kjell Holden, Vice President of Marintek in Norway, had also felt strongly enough on the issue to write to the Minister.
Note: copies of the report are available from the Executive Director AMECRC, phone (03) 6335 4876.
The Federal Government has welcomed a decision by the Jordanian Government to make significant changes to specifications for the importation of live sheep from Australia.
The changes represent another important breakthrough for Australia's live sheep trade to Jordan and should result in significant gains for Australian sheep producers.
The changes will allow an increase in the maximum weight of each imported live sheep to 45 kgs, an increase in the average weight of each shipment to 42.8 kg per head and ewes to be imported for the first time. Previously Jordan only permitted male sheep with a live weight less than 40 kgs to be imported.
Australia's Trade Minister, Mr Tim Fischer, had discussed the issue of improved access for Australian live sheep during his visit to Jordan earlier this year. The Australian Government will continue to seek the establishment of a free market at the retail level.
Jordan is Australia's second largest market for live sheep. Live sheep exports totalled $52.5 million in 1996.
For further information contact Senator David Brownhill, Parliamentary Secretary for Trade, phone (02) 6766 6998.
ANL and 'K' Line recently announced the closure of Maritime Agencies of Western Australia, their joint agency operation in WA and transferred their respective agency operations to new organisations.
'K' Line has established 'K Line Western Australia for its new five ship weekly container service with Knutsen Line in the West Australia, South East Asia and Japan trade. ANL has appointed Columbus Line in Fremantle to handle its South East Asia, East Asia and Japan/Korea trade.
'K' Line and ANL acknowledged the strong record of service of Maritime Agencies of Western Australia over the years and were pleased that staff had elected to join the new organisations. Both 'K' Line and ANL saw the new agency appointments as reflecting the changing interests and demands of the trade.
For further information contact: John Lines (Chief Operating Officer ANL Limited), phone (03) 9257 0652, or Frank Williamson (Managing Director 'K' Line (Australia) Pty Ltd), phone (03) 9696 1599.
The Maritime Union of Australia should stop denying the facts and admit the need for waterfront reform, the Minister for Workplace Relations and Small Business, Mr Peter Reith, said recently.
The MUA needed to face up to the fact that productivity improvements had stalled. It was not realistic for the MUA to say, as reported recently, that very conservative benchmarks against international best practice were unfair.
'At the very least we needed a base target of 25 container moves per hour just to compete - yet on a five port average we only managed 17.4', Mr Reith said.
'When I made this very simple point yesterday the MUA responded negatively, but predictably. It always claims that any reference to international best practice fails to compare "apples with apples". The truth is that Australia's waterfront productivity is not good - by any standard,' he said.
This was graphically portrayed on a recent 60 Minutes programme where a vessel was filmed loading at a rate of 24 containers per hour in Auckland, 17 in Melbourne and then finally a paltry 14 containers per hour in Sydney.
The Bureau of Transport and Communications Economics (BTCE) in its 1995 report International Benchmarking - waterfront, noted that best practice crane rates of around 30 moves per hour could be achieved at ports irrespective of size. The MUA constantly complains that when making international comparisons the government compares apples with oranges. This was not the case, Mr Reith said.
In 1995 the stevedoring company Patrick undertook a benchmarking study comparing East Swanson dock in Melbourne with the Hessanatie container terminal in the Belgian port of Antwerp. The scale of operations on the docks was similar, similar ships traded in the port, equipment was similar - the labour force was even unionised.
The study found that the Antwerp net crane rate was 27.7 containers per hour while at East Swanson Dock it was 20.3 containers - a shortfall of 7.4 containers per hour or a productivity lag of 36 per cent.
Since the study had been completed Patrick's productivity had further declined, despite a recently negotiated EBA and the infusion of $65 million in capital investment, to 19.5 container moves per hour.
It could not be denied that productivity had stalled, not just at East Swanson Dock but across the nation. We had to find ways to restart the process, Mr Reith said.
The Government was not interested in debate about whether reform was necessary - that fact was self evident. The debate was over, he said.
For further information contact Ian Hanke, phone 0419 484095 or (02) 6277 7320, fax (02) 6273 4115.
The world's oceans face growing damage from human activity - and Australia is well positioned to become a leader in international efforts to restore them, according to the nation's new senior marine scientist, Dr Nan Bray.
Dr Bray, who recently arrived from California, has taken up her appointment as the Chief of CSIRO's Division of Marine Research, based in Hobart.
'The oceans are really vulnerable, far more so than we ever suspected before, because we now know that major changes can happen quickly and at all depths,' Dr Bray, a world authority on oceanography, said.
This meant that changes, including human impacts, could take place far more rapidly and extensively than once imagined. This was particularly true in the polar regions where surface waters sank to great depth and where the effects of greenhouse gases were likely to be largest. Because oceans were vulnerable to major changes, that also meant the earth's climate was equally vulnerable.
Dr Bray shares the concern of other marine scientists that the life of the oceans has sustained heavier damage from human activity than many people presently recognise.
'Globally, we've been overfishing, not just because of economics but because of culture and tradition. In fact, there's growing evidence that more resources are now going into fishing than are coming out,' she said.
However, while the problems sometimes seemed as immense as the oceans themselves, the opportunities for Australia to understand and help solve them were equally great.
Dr Bray said that, with the world's third largest ocean territory to look after, extending from the Antarctic almost to the Equator, Australia was well placed to show global leadership in the sustainable management of the seas.
Australia was more fortunate than Europe or North America in that different groups in the community were more willing to work together. Our marine industries and scientists were closer. In some areas, such as fisheries management, Australia's approach was recognised as the world standard.
The combination of science and a supportive marine sector meant that Australia was perfectly placed to become a leading exporter of marine knowledge and technology to the world, she said.
Dr Bray is a graduate of the University of California at Berkeley and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Joint Program in Oceanography. She has worked as researcher and as director of physical oceanography at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Her appointment to CSIRO follows a year as visiting scientist in Hobart.
Her research interests include understanding the temperature and circulation patterns in shallow and enclosed seas, the distribution of nutrients and oil spill risk assessment.
For further information contact Dr Nan Bray, phone (03) 6232 5212, or Fran Sugden, phone (03) 6232 5478.
Collapse of a bulkhead on board the bulk carrier Gigs 2 on 5 November 1996 in Port Kembla had near-fatal consequences for two men working in the hold, according to a report released recently by the Department of Workplace Relations and Small Business.
The report, by the department's Marine Incident Investigation Unit, concluded that the overfilling of number four hold on board the Gigs 2 led to the collapse of the bulkhead, which in turn led to the inundation of number five hold where the two men were working.
It said that the gauge upon which the Mate was relying to show depth was faulty, and there had been no backup procedures to guard against filling above the maximum permissible depth. The report also pointed out that the operating manual had been written in Japanese and there had been no clear instruction or explanation for the limitation on depth of water that could be loaded into the hold.
However, the report said that due to the instant and courageous response of the BHP Supervisor and other shore workers, nobody had been killed, although the injury sustained by one of the men had been very serious.
For further information contact Director, Public Affairs, Department of Workplace Relations and Small Business, phone (02) 6243 7928.
Shipowners and operators who had done nothing towards satisfying the International Safety Management (ISM) Code could still achieve compliance in the few months they had remaining.
That was the message from John Ferguson, head of Ship Services Group at Lloyd's Register (LR) who said in a recent news release that it was difficult to believe that there was any owner or operator who had given no thought at all to implementation of the ISM Code, bearing in mind the wide publicity given to the subject.
Those who had not started on the process might believe that the implementation would place too great a strain on company resources. Again, they might be apprehensive about embarking on something new when the safety procedures which had served them until now had seemed to fulfil their purpose. 'These are understandable feelings but they take no account of the benefits to which improved safety management systems are likely to give rise. It is clear from statements by various national authorities that failing to implement or comply with the ISM Code will attract very heavy penalties. It must be recognised that these authorities have no option but to view compliance with the Code as an international convention requirement,' Mr Ferguson said.
The deadline for Phase One ships to comply with the requirement of the Code is 1 July 1998. A lot could still be achieved in the time remaining, however, and any owner or operator, who has so far done nothing or very little to achieve compliance, should urgently seek advice from Lloyd's Register's Marine Quality Services Department or specialists from other classification societies.
The United States Coast Guard and the UK's Marine Safety Agency had made it clear that companies who did not comply would find life very difficult indeed after 1 July next year. Only an intensive and well-prepared effort in the next few months would enable them to achieve the protection of ISM certification.
For further information contact local LR office or Andy Mitchell in London, phone +44 171 423 2953, fax +44 171 423 2951.
Marine incidents had emphasised the need for the establishment of procedures on ships to ensure that the operation, maintenance and repair of main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment were carried out in a planned, safe and timely manner.
A recent Marine Notice issued by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority said that the necessity for such procedures was also a requirement of the ISM Code which becomes mandatory for certain ships on 1 July 1998.
This Code also required those responsible for the ship's machinery operation to make sure all persons were familiar with and understood the importance of these procedures and their functions and responsibilities under the safe management system. Failure to adhere to safety procedures could lead to serious incidents and casualties.
Ten common causes of casualties in machinery spaces have been identified by AMSA whose goal is to ensure that national and international ships working in Australian waters were seaworthy and operated safely. The health, safety and welfare of personnel on board ships were paramount in achieving this objective.
Seafarers were also reminded that they had a duty of care, not only to work safely themselves, but to make sure that whatever they did not put others at risk. Close attention to procedures and sound working practices would go a long way towards realising this obligation.
For further information contact P. Quirk (Acting Chief Executive, AMSA), phone (02) 6279 5000.
The latest information on coastal and marine issues is now available through six new web sites on the Internet.
Federal Minister for the Environment, Senator Robert Hill, said the web sites were an extension of the Government's Coasts and Clean Seas program, the marine and coastal component of the Natural Heritage Trust.
The Government has allocated $125 million under the Trust to conserve and protect the marine environment and to ensure the ecologically sustainable management of our ocean resources.
The web sites provide coastal managers, scientists, industry and local government representatives and the community with an array of information on marine and coastal conservation and management. Internet users can access information on the development of the Government's Policy, due for release in 1998, the International Year of the Ocean.
The Oceans Policy will be a first for Australia, putting us among the world's leaders in managing the conservation and commercial and recreational use of our marine estate.
Other information ranges from descriptions of the key elements of the Coasts and Clean Seas program, discussion groups, funding guidelines through to sophisticated scientific databases.
The web sites are arranged under six headings:
The web sites can be accessed through: http://www.erin.gov. au/environment/mg/mg.html.
For further information contact Matt Brown (Senator Hill's office), phone (02) 6277 7640 or 0419 693515, or Conall O'Connell (Environment Australia), phone (02) 6274 1919.
Lloyd's Register (LR) has become the first non-US classification society to be authorised to carry out surveys on behalf of the United States Coast Guard (USCG).
Under this historic agreement, LR will be able to carry out plan approval, surveys and issue of statutory certificates for load lines, safety construction and tonnage for both new and existing ships. The agreement was signed by LR group regional manager for North America, Tony Latchford, and Rear Admiral Robert C. North for the USCG.
This follows a change in the code of Federal Regulations: until the passage of the 1996 Coast Guard Authorization Act, the USCG could delegate marine safety functions related to vessel plan review and inspection only to the American Bureau of Shipping, or similar US classification society. This situation has now been amended to allow delegation of these functions to a classification society based outside the USA.
This means that, for the first time, American shipbuilders and owners have a choice of classification society. Previously, only the classification rules of ABS were acceptable for compliance with Title 46 of the Code of Federal regulations. The new ruling will also lead to cost reductions for US shipbuilders and owners: the USCG estimates that while a vessel's owner might have to pay classification society fees for functions currently undertaken by the USCG, the savings in design, construction and operating costs will recover this expense many times over during the lifetime of the vessel. Another cost benefit is expected to be reduced vessel down-time, as it will no longer be necessary for a US-flag ship to undergo separate USCG inspections for certification and classification surveys.
For further information contact Sue Powell, Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 100 Leadenhall Street, London EC3A 3BP, UK, phone +44 171 423 2907, fax +44 171 423 2038, web site: www.lr.org .
10 November 1997
Seminar: Shipsafe.
University of NSW, Sydney.
Organisers: Institute of Marine Engineers (Sydney Branch), Australian Maritime College, Australian Maritime Engineering CRC, AMSA and Australian Shipowners Association.
Contact: L.J. Prandolini, Hon. Sec., Sydney Branch, The Institute of Marine Engineers, phone 02 9878 1914, fax 02 9878 4669, e-mail sbimare@msn.com.
11 November 1997
The 1997 Boulton Lecture: 'The Future of the Australian Merchant Fleet' by Captain William Bolitho AM
Ionic Room, Masonic Centre, corner Castlereagh & Goulburn Streets, Sydney.
Presented by the Company of Master Mariners of Australia in conjunction with the Navy League of Australia (NSW Division) and with the assistance of the Royal Australian Navy.
Contact: Navy League of Australia (NSW Division), GPO Box 1719, Sydney NSW 1043, or phone Kaye Wright, (02) 9232 2144.
19-21 November 1997
ICSED 97: the 1st International Conference on Subsea Engineering Design
Melbourne Exhibition Centre.
Theme: Related aspects in research, development, design and engineering of underwater and offshore undertakings.
Contact: Anna Maltezos, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton VIC 3168, phone 03 9905 5699, fax (03) 9905 5726, e-mail anna.maltezos@eng.monash.edu.au
30 November-3 December 1997
Third Australasian Hydrographic Symposium
The Esplanade Hotel Conference Centre, Fremantle, Western Australia.
Organised by The Hydrographic Society, Western Australia Region, Australasian Branch.
Theme: Maritime Resource Development.
Contact: Symposium Secretariat, PO Box 90, Jolimont WA 6913, phone (08) 9284 1224, fax (08) 9284 1225; or Ron Whitmore, phone (02) 9489 2091, fax (02) 9489 2048.
2-4 December 1997
Association of Maritime Education and Training Institutions in Asia Pacific
1st Annual General Meeting and Seminar, Singapore Polytechnic
The seminar will concentrate on two themes:
Contact: Rod Short, Executive Secretary, Association of Maritime Education & Training Institutions in Asia Pacific, PO Box 104, Legana TAS 7277, phone/fax (03) 6330 1834.
8-10 December 1997
'Science and Ocean Law' Workshop
Wollongong
The workshop, involving Australian and Chinese officials, marine scientists and academics, will address the integration of marine science with ocean law to achieve more effective national and international marine environmental management.
Contact: Sam Bateman, Centre for Maritime Policy, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW 2522, phone (02) 4221 3224, fax (02) 4226 8866.
12 December 1997
'Management of Regional Seas - Cooperation and Dialogue'
Canberra
This one-day seminar will consider the role of regional seas as catalysts for cooperation, confidence-building and preventive diplomacy.
Contact: Sam Bateman, Centre for Maritime Policy, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW 2522, phone (02) 4221 3224, fax (02) 4226 8866.
Availability of Publications:
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Capital Monitor, PO Box 2891, Canberra City ACT 2601, Phone (02) 6273 4899; Fax (02) 6273 4905
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