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Australian Biological Resources Study

Flora of Australia Online Search Database

Flora of Australia Online

Abbreviations and Contractions


Literature

Author abbreviations follow R.K.Brummitt & C.E.Powell, Authors of Plant Names (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1992).

Journal titles are abbreviated in accordance with G.H.M.Lawrence et al., Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum (Hunt Botanical Library, Pittsburgh, 1968) and G.D.R.Bridson & E.R.Smith, Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum/Supplementum (Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Pittsburgh, 1991).

Other literature is abbreviated in accordance with F.A.Stafleu & R.S.Cowan, Taxonomic Literature, 2nd edn (Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht, 1976–1987), except that upper case initial letters are used for proper names and significant words. The Flora of Australia is abbreviated to Fl. Australia.

Herbaria

Abbreviations of herbaria are in accordance with P.K.Holmgren, N.H.Holmgren & L.C.Barnett, Index Herbariorum Part I, 8th edn (New York Botanical Garden, 1990). Those most commonly cited in the Flora of Australia are:

AD

State Herbarium of South Australia, Adelaide

ADW

Waite Agricultural Research Institute, Adelaide (now part of AD)

BM

The Natural History Museum, London

BRI

Queensland Herbarium, Brisbane

CANB

Australian National Herbarium, Canberra

CBG

National Botanic Gardens, Canberra (now part of CANB)

DNA

Northern Territory Herbarium, Darwin

HO

Tasmanian Herbarium, Hobart

JCT

James Cook University of North Queensland, Townsville

K

Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

MEL

National Herbarium of Victoria, Melbourne

NSW

National Herbarium of New South Wales, Sydney

NT

Northern Territory Herbarium, Alice Springs (now part of DNA)

PERTH

Western Australian Herbarium, Perth

QRS

Australian National Herbarium, Atherton

US

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

States, Territories

Abbreviations of Australian States and Territories and nearby countries as used in statements of distribution and citation of collections are:

A.C.T.

Australian Capital Territory

N. Caled.

New Caledonia

N.S.W.

New South Wales

N.T.

Northern Territory

N.Z.

New Zealand

P.N.G.

Papua New Guinea

Qld

Queensland

S.A.

South Australia

Tas.

Tasmania

Vic.

Victoria

W.A.

Western Australia

General abbreviations


add.

addendum

alt.

altitude

app.

appendix

auct.

auctoris/auctorum (of an author or authors)

auct. mult.

auctorum multorum  (of many authors)

auct. non

auctorum non (of authors [but] not....), used for misapplied names

c.

circa (about)

Ck

Creek

cm

centimetre

coll.

collector

colln

collection

comb.

combinatio/combination

cons.

conservandus

cult.

cultivated

cv.

cultivar

d.b.h.

diameter at breast height

Dept

Department

descr.

descriptio

diam.

diameter

E

east

ed./eds

editor/editors

edn

edition

eds

editors

e.g.

exempli gratia (for example)

et al.

et alii/et aliorum; and others/and of others

f.

forma/form

fam.

familia/family

fig./figs

figure/figures (in other works)

Fig.

Figure (referring to a Figure in this volume of the Flora)

gen.

genus/genus

gen. nov.

genus novus (new genus)

Gt

Great

holo

holotype

hort.

hortus (garden) or hortensis (of a garden)

HS

Homestead

Hwy

Highway

i.e.

id est (that is)

ined.

ineditus (unpublished)

in litt.

in litteris (in correspondence)

in obs.

in observatio (in observation)

Is.

Island/s

iso

isotype

isolecto

isolectotype

km

kilometre

L.

Lake

L.A.

Logging Area

lat.

latitude

lecto

lectotype

loc. cit.

loco citato (in bibliographic citations: in the same work and page as just cited)

loc. id.

loco idem (in specimen citations: in the same place as just cited)

long.

longitude

L.S.

longitudinal section

l:w

length to width ratio

m

metre

mm

millimetre

Mt/Mts

Mount/Mounts

Mtn/Mtns

Mountain/Mountains

N

north

n

haploid chromosome number

2n

diploid chromosome number

Natl

National

n.d.

no date

NE

north-east (ern)

nom. cons.

nomen conservandum (conserved name)

nom. cons. prop.

nomen conservandum propositus (proposed conserved name)

nom. illeg.

nomen illegitimum (illegitimate name)

nom. inval.

nomen invalidum (name not validly published)

nom. nov.

nomina nova (new name)

nom. nud.

nomen nudum (name published without a description or reference to a published description)

nom. prov.

nomen provisorium (provisional name)

nom. rej.

nomen rejiciendum (rejected name)

nom. superfl.

nomen superfluum (superfluous name)

nov.

novus/new

n. ser.

new series

n.v.

non vidi (not seen)

NW

north-west (ern)

op. cit.

opere citato (in the work cited above)

opp.

opposite

orth.

orthography, orthographic

p./pp.

page/pages

penin.

peninsula

pers. comm.

by personal communication

pl./pls

plate/plates

p.p.

pro parte (in part)

p.p. max

pro parte maxima, the larger part

p.p. min

pro parte minore, the smaller part

q.v.

quod vide (which see)

R.

River

Ra.

Range

Rd

Road

rly

railway

S

south

SE

south-east (ern)

sect.

sectio/section

SEM

Scanning Electron Micrograph

ser.

series

S.F.R.

State Forest Reserve

s. lat.

sensu lato (in a wide sense)

s. loc.

sine loco (without locality)

s.n.

sine numero (without number)

sp./spp.

species (singular/plural)

sp. aff.

species affinis (species related to)

sp. nov.

species nova (new species)

specim.

specimen

sphalm.

sphalmate (by mistake, mistakenly)

s. str.

sensu stricto (in a narrow sense)

St

Saint/Street

stat.

status/status

Stn

(pastoral) Station

subg.

subgenus

subsp./subspp.

subspecies (singular/plural)

subsp. nov.

subspecies nova (new subspecies)

suppl.

supplement

SW

south-west (ern)

syn

syntype

synon.

synonym

T

Type (collection)

t./tt.

tabula/tabulae (plate/plates)

T.R.

Timber Reserve

trib.

tribus/tribe

trig.

trigonometric station

T.S.

transverse section

typ. cons.

typus conservandus (conserved type)

var.

varietas/variety

viz.

videlicet (namely)

UV

ultraviolet

W

west

x

basic chromosome number

Symbols


taxon included in key but not treated further in text

*

naturalised taxon, not originally native (in the text); wildcard (in the web search)

#

native taxon now naturalised in Australia beyond its natural range

[ ]

misapplied name or nomen invalidum; also, in localities, denotes a place name later than that originally cited or on the herbarium sheet

±

in species descriptions, more or less

±

in lichen chemistry, with or without

<

less than

less than or equal to

>

more than

more than or equal to

µm

micrometre

(♀)

female

(♂)

male

Publication date of previous volumes


Volume 1

22 August 1981 (1st edn)

Volume 1

2 March 1999 (2nd edn)

Volume 3

24 April 1989

Volume 4

12 November 1984

Volume 8

9 December 1982

Volume 11A

13 August 2001

Volume 11B 13 August 2001
Volume 12

4 May 1998

Volume 16

30 November 1995

Volume 17A

14 April 2000

Volume 17B

26 May 1999

Volume 18

8 June 1990

Volume 19

27 June 1988

Volume 22

17 May 1984

Volume 25

25 December 1985

Volume 28

28 June 1996

Volume 29

27 July 1982

Volume 35

6 August 1992

Volume 43 26 August 2002

Volume 46

2 May 1986

Volume 48 27 October 1998

Volume 49

3 May 1994

Volume 50

29 July 1993

Volume 54

4 September 1992

Volume 55 21 December 1994

Volume 58A

21 August 2001

Index of Flora of Australia Online Icons


Icon Rank
kingdom.png kingdom
class.png class
division.png division
order.png order
fam.png family
subfam.png subfamily
gen.png genus
subg.png subgenus
sect.png section
subsect.png subsection
ser.png series
subser.png subseries
trib.png tribe
subtrib.png subtribe
sp.png species
subsp.png subspecies
var.png variety
f.png form
formtaxon.png form taxon
informal.png informal rank
group.png group
subgroup.png subgroup
hybrid.png hybrid
doubtful.png doubtful name
key.png key
specieslist.png species list
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