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Biodiversity Conservation and Ecotourism: an investigation of linkages, mutual benefits and future opportunities
Biodiversity Series, Paper No. 5
Biodiversity Unit

Noel Preece and Penny van Oosterzee,
Ecoz-Ecology Australia and
David James, Ecoservices Pty Ltd

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Contents

Executive summary

1 Introduction

• 1.1 Background
• 1.2 Nature-Based and Ecotourism (NBE)
• 1.3 Biodiversity Defined
• 1.4 Relationship Between Biodiversity and NBE
• 1.5 Policy Directions
• 1.6 Aims of Study
• 1.7 Approach

2. Policies, strategies and agreements on biodversity

• 2.1 International Convention on Biological Diversity
• 2.2 National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia's Biological Diversity
• 2.3 National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development
• 2.4 National Forest Policy Statement
• 2.5 InterGovernmental Agreement on the Environment
• 2.6 National Tourism Strategy
• 2.7 National Ecotourism Strategy
• 2.8 Summary

3. Protection of natural areas and management of biodiversity

• 3.1 Approaches to Management
• 3.2 Development of a National Bioregional Planning Framework
• 3.3 National Parks and Biodiversity
• 3.4 Other Lands and Biodiversity
• 3.5 Biodiversity Conservation and Information Systems
• 3.6 Environmental Impacts of NBE
• 3.7 On-site Management of Environmental Effects

4. Markets for nature-based tourism and ecotourism

• 4.1 Profiles of Ecotourists
• 4.2 Activities of Ecotourists
• 4.3 Natural Attributes Important for NBE
• 4.4 Trends in International Tourism Markets
• 4.5 Tourism in Australia
• 4.6 International Visitors
• 4.7 International Visitors and Ecotourism
• 4.8 Domestic Visits and Ecotourism
• 4.9 Visits to Key Regions
• 4.10 Measuring the Economic Benefits of NBE
• 4.11 Empirical Evidence of the Value of Natural Areas

5. Strategic planning for NBE development

• 5.1 Identification of Areas for Detailed Planning
• 5.2 Assessing Regional Economic Impacts of NBE
• 5.3 Methodology for Applying Multi-sectoral Models
• 5.4 Planning for Infrastructure Support
• 5.5 Examples of Regional Economic Studies

6. Review of existing strategic plans

• 6.1 National Biodiversity Strategy and relationships with Strategic Tourism Plans
• 6.2 National Ecotourism Strategy
• 6.3 Queensland
• 6.4 New South Wales
• 6.5 Victoria
• 6.6 Tasmania
• 6.7 South Australia
• 6.8 Western Australia
• 6.9 Northern Territory
• 6.10 Australian Capital Territory
• 6.11 General Evaluation of Existing Strategies

7. Role of industry

• 7.1 Tourism Operations
• 7.2 Marketing
• 7.3 Research
• 7.4 Education
• 7.5 Accreditation
• 7.6 Contributions by Industry to Biodiversity Conservation
• 7.7 Examples of Tourism Operations
• 7.8 Needs of the Tourism Industry

8. Role of government

• 8.1 Coordination of Tourism Development
• 8.2 Improving Approaches to Planning
• 8.3 Resource Information and Monitoring Systems
• 8.4 Assistance with Marketing
• 8.5 Support for Education, Research and Training
• 8.6 Provision of Economic Incentives for Conservation

9. Summary of conclusions and recommendations

References