A conservation overview of Australian non-marine lichens, bryophytes, algae and fungi
G.A.M. Scott, T.J. Entwisle, T.W. May & G.N. Stevens
Environment Australia, May 1997
ISBN 0 6422 1399 2
Appendix B – Endangered species and their critical habitat (continued)
Note: These are suggested classifications proposed by the authors of this document. Literature references are listed under the appropriate chapter of the main text.
Algae
Extinct, endangered, vulnerable or potentially vulnerable taxa of algae
X = extinct, not found during recent research
E = endangered, found only once
V= vulnerable, found at only two or three sites
P = potentially vulnerable, known from several sites, usually some distance apart, but habitat could be threatened
Red Algae (Rhodophyta)
P Ptilothamnium umbracolens
Known only from type locality in Lamington Natl Park, Qld, and in spite of extensive collecting along east coast not found elsewhere. Originally described in its own (endemic) genus Anfractutofilum. Cribb 1965a.
P Psilosiphon scoparium
Endemic genus known from two widely separated areas-Barren Grounds Bird Reserve near Robertson, N.S.W., and Frankland and Arthur Ranges in SW Tas. Although not threatened in either area, any alteration to water quality (eutrophication) or quantity (dams) would make it vulnerable. Extensive collecting in the Robertson area has not revealed any more than one site containing this taxon. Entwisle 1989a.
P Batrachospermum diatyches
Tasmanian endemic known from three isolated localities. One was on the beach of the original Lake Pedder, so even though sites are in reserves the populations are potentially vulnerable. Entwisle 1992
Yellow-Green Algae (Chrysophyta)
P Celoniella aff.
Undescribed taxon, possible endemic in Australia. Restricted to streams near the summit of Mt Kosciusko, N.S.W. Appears to retract up streams in summer and presumably has a very small range during warmer months. Although mostly in a national park, it would be vulnerable to any change in water temperature or quality. Andersen & Entwisle (unpub.)
V Chrysonephele palustris
Endemic genus restricted to one locality (Golden Cloud Swamp) in Tasmania. Any change to water quality or quantity could wipe out the taxon. Pipes et al. 1989.
P Vaucheria bicornigera
Known from a few scattered localities across Victoria but all on disturbed sites (e.g. farmland stream verges). Entwisle 1988.
Dinoflagellates (Pyrrhophyta)
P Prorocentrum foveolata
Originally discovered in N.S.W. but unlikely to exist there any more. Recently redescribed from Tasmania (Ling et al. 1989a), where rare, and found on Clarke Island (Bass Strait) and in lagoons near Peterborough (Vic.). Habitats all susceptible to change Tyler (unpub.)
Taxa reported since 1950 and collected once or few times in Australia
This list of additional taxa almost certainly overstates the case for many taxa that eventually will be proved common. Until such data are forthcoming, however, it should act as a catalyst for further collecting and taxonomic work. Many new Chrysophyte and Dinoflagellate taxa have been discovered in recent years (e.g. see Ling et al. 1989a; Croome et al. 1988) which are restricted in distribution but do not fall within the categories defined here. Nevertheless, such taxa should be monitored and perhaps listed at some later stage.
The following symbols (based on Briggs & Leigh 1989) are used:
K = Poorly known but, from the extremely limited number of times collected (usually once) or extremely limited known range, possibly at risk. A lowercase code indicates the taxon is apparently rare in Australia but possibly more widespread overseas. Some taxa listed with uppercase letter may be found overseas but information not readily available.
1 = type collection only.
2 = maximum geographical range 100 km, very restricted (includes plants collected more than once only at the type locality).
3 = range more than 100 km, only in small populations.
| Taxon | Distribution | Reference | Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorophytes |
|||
| Charophytes | |||
| Chara ecklonii var. albaniensis | S.A. | Wood 1972 | 1K |
| Lychnothamnus barbatus | Qld | Wood 1972 | 3k |
| Nitella acuminata | Qld | Wood 1972 | 3k |
| Nitella hookeri var. arthroglochin | N.S.W., Vic. | Casanova 1993 | 3K |
| Nitella pseudoflabellata var. confusa | Qld | Wood 1972 | 1K |
| Nitella tumida | S.A., N.S.W. | Wood 1972 | 3K |
| Desmids | |||
| Closterium cynthia f. punctatum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium askenasyi f. latum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Croasdale & Scott |
2K |
| Cosmarium blyttii var. quaternigranulatum | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 1K |
| Cosmarium conspersum | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 1K |
| Cosmarium contractum var. pachydermum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 2K |
| Cosmarium cylindricoideum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Cosmarium difficile f. laeve | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Cosmarium glyptodermum var. tuberculatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Cosmarium granatum f. scrobiculatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Cosmarium margaritatum f. pyramidatum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium multigranulatum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium oenpelliense | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Cosmarium ophelii | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium perigranulatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Cosmarium protomphalum var. angulare | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium pseudoarmatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Croasdale & Scott 1976 |
2K |
| Cosmarium pseudoquadratulum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium pyriforme | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 3K |
| Cosmarium pyriforme f. reductum | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Cosmarium quadrifarium f. trifidum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium rectangulare var. australe f. multigranulatum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium rectangulare var. subhexagonum f. granulatum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium rotundum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium spechtii | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Cosmarium subcostatum f. bituberculatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Cosmarium subtumidum var. pachydermum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Cosmarium taxichondrum var.undulatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Cosmarium venustum var. excavatum f. latum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Desmidium aptogonum f. quinquangulare | N.T. | Croasdale & Prescott 1976 | 1K |
| Docicium baculum var. inflatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Croasdale & Scott 1976 |
2K |
| Euastrum acanthophorum var. asymmetricum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Croasdale & Scott 1976 |
2K |
| Euastrum acanthophorum f. latius | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 1K |
| Euastrum ansatum var. laeve | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum bidentatum var. bioculatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum binale var. borgei | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum borgeanum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 2K |
| Euastrum cuneatum var. solum f. punctatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum didelta var. bengalicum f. minus | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Ling & Tyler 1986 |
2K |
| Euastrum deplostauron var. yirrkallense | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum divergens var. rhodesiense f. coronulum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum exile var. triporum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum intermedium var. poriferum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Croasdale & Scott 1976 |
2K |
| Euastrum intermedium var. speciosum | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 1K |
| Euastrum latipediforme | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Euastrum longicolle var. capitatum f. minus | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum luetkemuelleri var. laterepunctatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum (Micrasterias) moebii f. diplocanthylum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Ling & Tyler 1986 |
2K |
| Euastrum (Micrasterias) moebii f. extensa | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum (Micrasterias) moebii f. insolitum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 2K |
| Euastrum obesum var. extensum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum obesum var. tetmemoroides | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Euastrum pseudojenneri | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum sinuosum var. scrobiculatum f. oculum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum turneri var. australiense | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Euastrum turneri var. australiense f. extremum | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 1K |
| Euastrum sp. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Euastrum sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Euastrum sp. 3 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Micrasterias alata var. parallela | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Micrasterias apiculata var. lacerata f. australiensis | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Micrasterias ceratophora | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 3k |
| Micrasterias ceratophora f. maxima | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Micrasterias lux var. spinosa | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Micrasterias mahabulashwarensis var. ampullacea f. australiensis | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Micrasterias mahabulashwarensis var. tetradonta | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Micrasterias radians var. bogoriensis f. gracilior | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Micrasterias rotata var. simplicior | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Micrasterias sol var. elegantior | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 3k |
| Micrasterias tropica var. polonica f. australiensis | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Micrasterias zeylanica var. wallichiana f. biconvexa | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Micrasterias sp. nov. | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Onchonema laeve var. oscitans | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Penium sp. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Penium sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Pleurotaenium australianum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 2K |
| Pleurotaenium burmense var. curtum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Pleurotaenium sp. nov. | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Sphaerozosma sp. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Sphaerozosma sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Sphaerozosma sp. 3 | N.T | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Spinoclosterium cuspidatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 3K |
| Staurastrum anatinoides | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum bicorne var. longebrachiatum f. evolutum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum bilobum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum boergesenii var. gracilius | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Staurastrum brachioprominens var. inflatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum cerastes var. coronatum f. inflatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Croasdale & Scott 1976 |
3K |
| Staurastrum clepsydra var. minimum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 2K |
| Staurastrum crenulatum var. continentale f. mammiferum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Staurastrum cyclacanthum var. submanfeldtoides | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum dickiei var. circulare f. bifidum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum gracile f. minimum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Staurastrum gutwinskii f. reductum | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 1K |
| Staurastrum nigrae-silvae var. trispinatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum oenpelliense | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum ophiura var. horizontale | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum pelagicum var. bifidum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum pseudosebaldii f.latum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 2K |
| Staurastrum pseudosuecicum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 2K |
| Staurastrum rectangulare var. verrucosum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 2K |
| Staurastrum rosei | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 3k |
| Staurastrum rosei var. elongatum | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Staurastrum sagittarium var. longispinum | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Staurastrum sagittarium var. scottii | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sebaldii var. ornatum f. bifidum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum subgrande var. convexum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum triprocessum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum yirrkallense | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum zahlbruckneri var. africanum f. granulatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurastrum zonatum f. verrucicinctum | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 3 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 4 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 5 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 6 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 7 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 8 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 9 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 10 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurastrum sp. 11 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurodesmus (Arthrodesmus) apiculatus | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Croasdale & Scott 1976 |
2K |
| Staurodesmus (Arthrodesmus) furcatospermus | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurodesmus gibberulus var. mucronatus f. bimucronatus | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 Ling & Tyler 1986 |
2K |
| [?Staurodesmus] Arthrodesmus phimus f. convexus | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| [?Staurodesmus] Arthrodesmus phimus var. occidentalis f. minimissimus | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| [?Staurodesmus] Arthrodesmus spechtii | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| [?Staurodesmus] Arthrodesmus subulatus f. incrassatus | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Staurodesmus sp. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurodesmus sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurodesmus sp. 3 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Staurodesmus sp. 4 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Streptonema trilobatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 3K |
| Tetmemorus euastroides | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 Croasdale & Scott 1976 |
2K |
| Triploceras gracile f. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 2K |
| Triploceras gracile f. 2 | N.T., N.S.W. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 3K |
| Triploceras gracile f. 3 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Xanthidium armatum var. depressum | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Xanthidium caulfieldii | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Xanthidium inchoatum f. reductum | N.T | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 2K |
| Xanthidium scottii | N.T. | Croasdale & Scott 1976 | 1K |
| Xanthidium simplicius var. pseudosmithii | S.A. | Prescott & Scott 1952 | 1K |
| Xanthidium sp. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 2K |
| Xanthidium sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Various | |||
| Geminella crenulatocollis f. filamentosa | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Geminella sp. nov. | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Gongrosira cavernicola | Qld | Cribb 1965b | 1K |
| Netrium sp. nov. | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Oedocladium tiffanyanum | Qld | Cribb 1956 | 1K |
| Oedogonium acrosporum var. punctatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Oedogonium brasiliense f. seriatum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Oedogonium pseudomitratum | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Oedogonium spechtii | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Schizochlamys ?sp. nov. | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Tetraedron hastatum var. simplex | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Tetraedron hastatum var. triangulare | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Tetraedron rectangulare | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Trentepohlia odorata var. compacta | Qld | Cribb 1964 | 1K |
| Trentepohlia odorata var. unilateralis | Qld | Cribb 1964 | 2K |
| Waerniella lucifuga var. australis | Qld | Cribb 1965b | 1K |
| Chrysophytes | |||
| Diatoms | |||
| Achnanthes cotterienses | A.C.T | Foged 1978 | 2K |
| Achnanthes reidensis | Qld | Foged 1978 | 1K |
| Achnanthes sp. 1 | N.T. | Thomas 1983 | 2K |
| Campyloneis/Cyclotella sp. | N.T. | Thomas 1983 | 1K |
| Cyclotella wolterecki | N.T. | Thomas 1983 | 3k |
| Eunotia ballinaensis | SW | Foged 1978 | 1K |
| Eunotia didyma var. maxima | N.T. | Thomas 1983 | 1K |
| Eunotia ossa nom. nud. | N.T. | Brady 1979 | 2K |
| Eunotia diodon var. inflata nud.nom. | N.T. | Brady 1979 | 2K |
| Fragilaria punctata | W.A. | John 1981 | 2K |
| Frustulia jajaensis nom. nud. | N.T. | Brady 1979 | 2K |
| Hyalodiscus sp. nov. | S.A. | Ling et al. 1989b | 2K |
| Neidium reimeri | W.A. | John 1981 | 1K |
| Pinnularia magnaconvexa | W.A. | John 1981 | 2K |
| Synurophytes | |||
| Synura australiensis | Australia | Croome & Tyler 1985 | 3K |
| Tribophytes | |||
| Vaucheria gardneri | Vic. | Entwisle 1988 | 3k |
| Euglenoids | |||
| Euglena sp. nov. | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Phacus sp. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 2K |
| Phacus sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 2K |
| Strombomonas sp. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Strombomonas sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 2K |
| Strombomonas sp. 3 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Strombomonas sp. 4 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 2K |
| Trachelomonas sp. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 2K |
| Trachelomonas sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 2K |
| Blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria) | |||
| Calothrix australiensis | N.T. | Scott & Prescott 1958 | 1K |
| Glaucocystis sp. nov. | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Gomphosphaeria aponina var. multiplex f. nov. | S.A. | Ling et al. 1989 | 1K |
| Merismopedia sp. nov. | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Oscillatoria sp. 1 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Oscillatoria sp. 2 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
| Oscillatoria sp. 3 | N.T. | Ling & Tyler 1986 | 1K |
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