Action Plan for Australian Marsupials and Monotremes
Wildlife Australia, December 1996
ISBN 0 6422 1395 X
Recovery Outline - Proserpine Rock-wallaby
Recovery Outline
| Proserpine Rock-wallaby |
|---|
1 Family: Macropodidae
2 Scientific name: Petrogale persephone Maynes, 1982
3 Common name: Proserpine Rock-wallaby
4 Conservation status: Endangered: B1,2a
5 Intra-specific taxa:
None described.
6 Former distribution:
Known from a restricted area near Proserpine in north-east coastal Queensland.
7 Current distribution:
 |
As above. Includes northern portion of the Conway NP, Dryander NP, Gloucester Island NP, Clarke Range near Proserpine and areas of State Forest and freehold and leased land. |
8 Habitat:
Rock outcrops within semi-deciduous microphyll/notophyll dry vine forest. Grass areas in abutting open woodland areas used as food gathering areas in dry months of the year.
9 Reasons for decline:
Unknown. Appears to have declined as a result of competition with the more widely distributed P. inornata. Loss of habitat and the proximity of the species to settled areas has led to mortality from predation by domestic dogs and road kills.
10 Additional studies required for recovery objectives and actions to be defined:
Recovery Plan has been prepared (Davidson 1991). Research actions to assist with determining future management include:
10.1 Determine further details of distribution and estimate abundance.
10.2 Study habitat utilisation monitoring diet and movement for a single colony and describing habitat structure.
10.3 Genetic study to establish levels of inbreeding. Assess genetic diversity within and between colonies and rates of dispersal.
10.4 Establish captive colony for a study of reproduction and age estimation.
10.5 Identify biological significance of road kills and predation on population.
11 Recovery objectives:
Downlisting from Endangered to Vulnerable within 10 years. Indefinite protection of existing populations is the primary short term objective.
12 Management actions completed or under way:
12.1 Monitor species throughout its range.
12.2 Implement system to reduce road kills, based on the results of 10.4.
12.3 Education scheme to conserve species and habitat, including management guidelines for private property owners to protect the species.
13 Management actions required:
13.1 Nomination and negotiation for critical habitat on leased or freehold land, to be carried out by planning professional.
13.2 Translocation program to be carried out over a two year period to two sites yet to be determined.
14 Organisation(s) responsible for conservation of species:
Qld Department of Environment.
15 Other organisations or individuals involved:
James Cook University, Australian Nature Conservation Agency, private landholders.
16 Staff and financial resources required for recovery to be carried out:
Financial resources required 1996-1999 -
Action agency ESP Total Cost
Colony monitoring $20 000 $20 000 $40 000
Translocation/reflector monitoring $50 000 $40 000 $90 000
Mapping $66 500 $56 700 $123 200
Public education $16 000 $16 000 $32 000
Land acquisition *$3 000 000 $3 000 000
Total $3 152 500 $132 700
* to be matched dollar for dollar from Federal funding
Total 1996-1999 $3 285 200
References:
Davidson C. 1991. Recovery Plan for the Proserpine Rock-wallaby (Petrogale persephone). Report to the ANPWS Endangered Species Program. Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage, Brisbane (unpublished).
Recovery Outline
| Leadbeater's Possum |
|---|
1 Family: Petauridae
2 Scientific name: Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, 1867
3 Common name: Leadbeater's Possum
4 Conservation Status: Endangered: A2c,E
5 Intra-specific taxa:
None described.
6 Former distribution:
Recorded last century from two sites in south Gippsland and one site in north-east Vic. in 1909.
7 Current distribution:
Confined to an area of 60 km by 80 km (about 3 500 km2) near the western limit of Victoria's Central Highlands. Includes the upper reaches of the La Trobe, Thomson, Bunyip, Yarra and Goulburn River systems at altitudes between 500 and 1 500 m. There is also a small, isolated population near Yellingbo (Smales 1994). No records were obtained between 1909 and 1960. Since the species' rediscovery in 1961, records have been obtained from over 300 sites within the above area. About 70% of the montane Ash forest within the known distribution of the species is State Forest where timber harvesting is permitted. The remainder predominantly comprises protected areas, including the recently-established Yarra Ranges NP, which are not subject to timber harvesting. |
8 Habitat:
Optimum habitat of Leadbeater's Possum is a regenerating or uneven-aged Ash forest that contains both wattles and an ample supply of old hollow trees. The occurrence and quality of habitat is primarily determined by patterns of successional change and stand development resulting from disturbance such as past wildfires and timber harvesting operations. Regrowth from the 1939 wildfires, combined with fire-killed remnants of mature forest, has provided abundant feeding and nesting habitat during the past 30 years.
Older aged and mixed aged forest containing hollow-bearing trees also support populations of Leadbeater's Possum, although not in the same high densities that may be found in suitable regrowth forests. However, their role in the medium-term (50 years) will be critical for conservation of the species because these forests are not subject to a rapid decline in habitat suitability as predicted in current high value habitat regrowth forests. Older aged forest and mixed-aged forest with hollow-bearing trees and a low occurrence of wattles are defined as potentially optimum habitat because of their potential to become optimum in the short term (<50 years), as a result of natural or deliberate disturbance.
9 Reasons for decline:
Key threats are that fire-killed remnants are rapidly decaying and falling over and recruitment of hollows suitable for the species will not occur in regrowth forest for another 150 years. The occurrence of large wildfires is also a key threat to the long-term viability of habitat in older aged forest and mixed aged forest.
Leadbeater's Possum is threatened by predicted habitat reduction of about 90% during the next 50 years due to rapid collapse of hollow-bearing trees necessary for shelter and breeding sites. This process is a consequence of past wildfire, most notably in 1939, and is exacerbated by current timber harvesting operations. Recruitment of hollows suitable for the species will not occur in regrowth forest until the forest is at least 200 years old.
10 Additional studies required for recovery objectives and actions to be defined:
None. Detailed population viability analysis has been undertaken (Lindenmayer & Possingham 1994) and a draft Recovery Plan has been prepared (Macfarlane & Smith 1996). An Action Statement has been published under Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee (Macfarlane et al. 1995).
11 Recovery Objectives:
To downlist Leadbeater's Possum from Endangered to Vulnerable within 10 years based on the IUCN (1994) criteria of population trend and size, extent of occurrence, probability of extinction, and the management of habitat towards a target of no more than a 1% probability of extinction over 250 years throughout the forest within its current range. Specifically:
11.1 Identify and implement protection of all areas of optimum and potentially optimum habitat (as defined in the Recovery Plan) throughout the known range of the species, including the establishment of a permanent reserve system.
11.2 Apply strategies that address the development and continued availability of adequate high quality habitat in each Leadbeater's Possum Management Unit (LMU) for the future.
11.3 Implement monitoring of Leadbeater's Possum throughout its range and assess the effectiveness of the reserve system for conservation of this species, using rigorous experimental design.
11.4 Develop and apply management prescriptions for Leadbeater's Possum throughout its range. In particular, develop and apply modified and alternative silvicultural systems that result in the continuing presence of high quality habitat, while providing for commercial timber production.
11.5 Implement training for all field and planning staff involved with Leadbeater's Possum management and timber production within its range in relation to ecology, habitat assessment and compliance with Leadbeater's Possum management guidelines and the Recovery Plan.
11.6 Undertake research on the biology and ecology of the species with particular emphasis on the risk of wildfire reducing strategic populations, the dispersal and recolonisation capacities of the species and response to edge effects.
12 Management actions completed or under way:
Management strategies for the species (Macfarlane & Seebeck 1991) have been implemented to protect current habitat and provide for the development of new habitat over time. The strategies categorised timber production areas into three zones, determined by the abundance of hollow-bearing trees and the presence of Acacia in the subcanopy layer.
Mapping of management zones by aerial photograph interpretation (API) is nearing completion. Data are scanned and entered onto a GIS and maps have been produced to assist staff to implement habitat protection and for general forest planning.
An Action Statement (Macfarlane et al. 1995), prepared as required by the Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988, reviews management actions, and prescribes objectives and actions to conserve the species.
A Leadbeater's Possum Management Team has been established.
13 Management actions required:
13.1 The Leadbeater's Possum Management Team (LMT) to continue to monitor and review recovery program and recommend further management actions.
13.2 Apply conservation strategies in each of the 21 Leadbeater's Possum Management Units (LMUs).
13.3 Complete habitat resource assessment across known range of the species.
13.4 Zone all areas of forest within known range of Leadbeater's Possum according to habitat suitability.
13.5 Establish a reserve system across the range of the species based on habitat suitability.
13.6 Implement population monitoring throughout known range.
13.7 Apply prescriptions during logging coupe planning and harvesting and adopt modified or alternative silvicultural systems.
13.8 Assess development proposals which could affect Leadbeater's Possum in areas outside State forest and determine management strategies for the populations of Leadbeater's Possum in the Yellingbo State Nature Reserve and snow gum forests at Lake Mountain and Mt Baw Baw.
13.9 Implement training programs to ensure quality application of, and compliance with, management guidelines.
13.10 Research on dispersal and recolonisation capacities, response to edge effects and fire modelling.
14 Organisation(s) responsible for conservation of species:
Vic. Department of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE).
15 Other organisations or individuals involved:
Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Dr David Lindenmayer (Australian National University), Prof Hugh Possingham (University of Adelaide), Australasian Species Management Program (ASMP), Zoological Board of Victoria (ZBV).
16 Staff and financial resources required for recovery to be carried out:
Financial resources required 1997-2001
Action NRE Biodiversity Group, Environment Australia Total Cost
Leadbeater's Possum Management Team $5 000 $5 000 $10 000
Apply conservation strategies in LMUs $7 000 $0 $7 000
Complete habitat resource assessment $82 000 $133 000 $215 000
Zone forest according to habitat suitability $35 000 $0 $35 000
Establish reserve system $51 000 $70 000 $121 000
Population monitoring throughout known range $0 $445 000 $445 000
Logging prescriptions and silvicultural systems $130 000 $0 $130 000
Management outside State forest $25 000 $0 $25 000
Training programs $15 000 $15 000 $30 000
Research and fire modelling $34 000 $159 000 $193 000
Total $384 000 $827 000
Total 1997-2001 $1 211 000
References
IUCN 1994. IUCN Red List Categories. Prepared by the Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland.
Jelinek A., Cameron D., Belcher C. and Turner L. 1995. New perspectives on the ecology of Lake Mountain (1) the discovery of Leadbeater's Possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy in sub-alpine woodland. Victorian Naturalist 112, 112-115.
Lindenmayer D.B. 1996. Wildlife and Woodchips. Leadbeater's Possum: A test case for sustainable forestry. UNSW Press, Sydney.
Lindenmayer D.B. and Dixon J.M. 1992. An additional historical record of Leadbeater's Possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, prior to the 1961 rediscovery of the species. Victorian Naturalist 109, 217-218.
Lindenmayer D.B. and Possingham H.P. 1994. The risk of extinction: ranking management options for Leadbeater's Possum using population viability analysis. Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, the Australian National University, Canberra.
Lindenmayer D.B., Cunningham R.B. and Donnelly C.F. 1994. The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria, south-east Australia: VI. Tests of the performance of models of nest tree and habitat requirements of arboreal marsupials. Biological Conservation 70, 143-147.
Lindenmayer D.B., Cunningham R.B., Nix H.A., Tanton M.T. and Smith A.P. 1991c. Predicting the abundance of hollow-bearing trees in montane forests of southeastern Australia. Australian Journal of Ecology 16, 91-98.
Lindenmayer D.B., Cunningham R.B., Tanton M.T. and Smith A.P. 1990. The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria, south-east Australia: II. The loss of trees with hollows and its implications for the conservation of Leadbeater's Possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy (Marsupialia: Petauridae). Biological Conservation 54, 133-145.
Lindenmayer D.B., Cunningham R.B., Tanton M.T. and Smith A.P. 1991b. The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria, south-east Australia: III. The habitat requirements of Leadbeater's Possum Gymnobelideus leadbeateri and models of the diversity and abundance of arboreal marsupials. Biological Conservation 56, 295-315.
Lindenmayer D.B., Cunningham R.B., Tanton M.T., Smith A.P. and Nix H.A. 1991a. Characteristics of hollow-bearing trees occupied by arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria, south-east Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 40, 289-308.
Lindenmayer D.B., Lacy R.C., Thomas V.C. and Clark T.W. 1993. Predictions of the impacts of changes in population size and environmental variability on Leadbeater's Possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy (Marsupialia: Petauridae) using Population Viability Analysis: an application of the computer program VORTEX. Wildlife Research 20, 67-86.
Macfarlane M. and Smith J. 1996. Draft Leadbeater's Possum Recovery Plan. Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Melbourne.
Macfarlane M., Lowe K. and Smith J. 1995. Flora and Fauna Guarantee Action Statement No.62 Leadbeater's Possum Gymnobelideus leadbeateri. Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Melbourne.
Macfarlane M.A. and Seebeck J.H. 1991. Draft management strategies for the conservation of Leadbeater's Possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri, in Victoria. Arthur Rylah Institute Technical Report Series 111. Department of Conservation and Environment, Melbourne.
Smales I.J. 1994. The discovery of Leadbeater's Possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, resident in a lowland swamp woodland. Victorian Naturalist 111, 178-182.
Smith A.P. 1982. Leadbeater's Possum and its management. Pp. 129-145 in R.H. Groves and W.D.L. Ride (Eds). Species at Risk: Research in Australia. Australian Academy of Science, Canberra.
Smith A.P. 1984 Diet of Leadbeater's Possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri (Marsupialia). Australian Wildlife Research 11, 265-273.
Smith A.P. and Lindenmayer D. 1988. Tree hollow requirements of Leadbeater's Possum and other possums and gliders in timber production ash forests of the Victorian Central Highlands. Australian Wildlife Research 15, 347-362.
Smith A.P. and Lindenmayer D.B. 1992. Forest succession, timber production and conservation of Leadbeater's Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri Marsupialia: Petauridae) Forest Ecology and Management 49, 311-332.
Smith A.P., Lindenmayer D. and Suckling G.C. 1985. The ecology and management of Leadbeater's Possum. Research report to World Wildlife Fund Australia for Project 51. University of New England, Armidale.
Smith J.D.B. and Macfarlane M.A. 1994. Modelling Leadbeater's Possum habitat in the Central Highlands of Victoria using GIS. RT'94 Conference Proceedings: New Opportunities - Best Practice. The University of Melbourne, Parkville.
Thomas V.C. 1989. The ecology of Leadbeater's Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy) at Cockatoo Swamp, Yellingbo State Nature Reserve. Honours Thesis, La Trobe University, Bundoora (unpublished).
Wilkinson H.E. 1961. The rediscovery of Leadbeater's Possum. Victorian Naturalist 78, 97-102.
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Recovery Outline
| Mahogany Glider |
|---|
1 Family: Petauridae
2 Scientific name: Petaurus gracilis (de Vis, 1883)
3 Common name: Mahogany Glider
4 Conservation status: Endangered: A1b,B1+2a,b,c,C2a
5 Intra-specific taxa:
None described. This species has previously been considered a subspecies of P. norfolcensis but is now considered a full species (Van Dyck 1993).
6 Former distribution:
Prior to 1989 was only known from the original description of an animal from "north of Cardwell" (Qld) and from the skins collected in 1886 from Mt Echo (18 km south-west of Cardwell).
7 Current distribution:
Since its rediscovery in 1989, it is only known from a narrow band of fragmented medium to low woodland north of Bambaroo (30 km south of Ingham) to the Hull River at Tully. In this band less than 130 km long, the species has been found at altitudes below 120 m, with most recorded below 20 m altitude. All of its distribution is very fragmented. |
8 Habitat:
Confined to areas of very high, seasonal precipitation and a woodland vegetation blend that is shaped and maintained by fire. This range coincides with the wettest zone in Australia. The glider occupies lowland coastal plains and extensive beach ridges in diverse woodland complexes dominated by bloodwoods and acacias.
9 Reasons for decline:
No evidence of historical decline. More than 50% of the lowland vegetation within the current range of P. gracilis has been totally cleared of forest since 1967 for primary production, logging and pine plantations. Approximately 20% of the original component of lowland open forest remains, however it is highly fragmented, subject to changed fire regimes and mostly unprotected.
An estimated 3500 km2 of core glider habitat remains. Approximately 76% of this is potentially available for future development, particularly clearing for sugar cane growing, and to a lesser extent pine plantations, cattle, bananas and pineapples. Succession of dryland communities from sclerophyll to vine forest because of changed fire regimes could threaten its long term survival.
10 Additional studies required for recovery objectives and actions to be defined:
10.1 Survey to determine range limits and further define presence within its known distribution. From this determine the area of habitat remaining.
10.2 Estimate population density and total population size.
10.3 Establish the status of the species in key localities under current threat of clearing.
10.4 Determine home range and habitat requirements.
10.5 Determine levels of genetic diversity and the presence of any genetic sub-populations.
10.6 Determine the effectiveness of corridors for the movement of gliders.
10.7 Determine the impact of feral cat predation on the Mahogany Glider as there are several records of predation by cats.
10.8 Assess the possible detrimental effect on glider dispersal of rainforest expansion along corridors such as creeks, and recommend management action.
11 Recovery objectives:
11.1 Secure conservation reserves to maintain core populations in key habitats currently under threat.
11.2 Design a reserve system that will maximise accessibility and use of habitat remnants by Mahogany Gliders.
12 Management actions completed or under way:
12.1 Survey of gliders distribution in remaining habitat to more accurately determine the limits of the population, development of predictors of suitability of habitat for gliders to facilitate rapid appraisal of sites.
12.2 Consultation with landowners in order to obtain conservation agreements or to buy the land if appropriate.
12.3 Field study presently in progress to determine the home range (including use of fragmented habitat), density, dietary requirements, genetic structure of the population and genetic diversity of a particular population.
12.4 A conservation plan is being developed under the Nature Conservation Act 1994 (Qld) (QDEH 1995).
12.5 A joint Commonwealth-Queensland initiative in 1995 provided $16 million to purchase 38 000 ha of land and to provide a financial incentive to landholders to enter into voluntary conservation agreements for a further 5 000 ha.
13 Management actions required:
13.1 Continue negotiations with landowners with the objective of acquiring critical habitat.
13.2 Prohibit subdivision of land designated as critical habitat.
13.3 Assess the impact of fire and implement an appropriate fire regime.
13.4 Assess the impact of feral cats and endeavour to control feral cat numbers.
13.5 Address the management of road reserves as corridors for the movement of Mahogany Gliders.
14 Organisation(s) responsible for conservation of species:
Qld Department of Environment.
15 Other organisations or individuals involved:
James Cook University (ecological research), Queensland Museum.
16 Staff and financial resources required for recovery to be carried out:
Staff resources required -
Financial resources required 1995 - 1999
Action
Land acquisition and agreements $16 000 000 joint Commonwealth State Program already announced)
Ecological study $500 000
Total $16 500 000
Note: A Recovery Team has been formed.
References:
QDEH 1995. Draft recovery plan for the Mahogany Glider (Petaurus gracilis) 1995-97 (unpublished).
Van Dyck S. 1993. The taxonomy and distribution of Petaurus gracilis (Marsupalia: Petauridae), with notes on its ecology and conservation status. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 33, 77-122.
Recovery Outline
| Mountain Pygmy-possum |
|---|
1 Family: Burramyidae
2 Scientific name: Burramys parvus Broom, 1896
3 Common name: Mountain Pygmy-possum
4 Conservation status: Endangered: B1,2a,b,c,d,e
5 Intra-specific taxa:
Originally described from fossils (Broom 1896) and subsequently discovered as extant in alpine Victoria and New South Wales. There are minor genetic differences between the two extant populations; however, no significant morphological differences have been recorded (Mansergh and Broome 1994). There appears to be some genetic differences between at least three of the four Vic. populations (Neil Murray, La Trobe University).
6 Former distribution:
At European settlement, restricted to the alpine and subalpine areas of NSW and Victoria: Kosciusko plateau, Bogong High Plains, Mt Bogong, Mt Hotham and Mt Buller-Stirling. Extent of occurrence is 2 250 km2.
7 Current distribution:
Within the extent of occurrence the species is restricted to 10 km2 of habitat excluding unknown area around Mt Buller-Stirling (yet to be fully investigated) where the species was recently discovered. Possibly occurs in the Cobberas - Tingaringy region in eastern Vic., where possible remains have been identified in predator scats. |
8 Habitat:
The species is restricted to high altitude, periglacial boulder fields (basalt, granite, granodiorites) overlain with Podocarpus lawrenceii heathland and adjacent alpine communities (Mansergh and Broome 1994). However, P. lawrenceii is not present in the Mt Buller-Stirling area. Habitats support varying densities, with basalt boulderfields being the most productive.
9 Reasons for decline:
The habitat is highly restricted and has been destroyed and fragmented by roading, rock extraction for dam/aqueduct construction and infrastructure for the development of the downhill skiing industry. The latter has eliminated over 30% of the habitat on the eastern slopes of Mt Higginbotham (Vic.). Ski slope development at Blue Cow and Charlotte Pass (NSW) has destroyed habitat. Habitat is being lost or reduced in quality by receding snowlines, and diminishing depth and duration of snow cover.
Populations are subject to fox and cat predation (remains found in 7% of fox scats examined) although the effects remain unquantified.. Habitat is subject to weed invasion. Snow-grooming operations can destroy vegetation when snow cover is thin and may also affect hibernation of the animals by causing arousal due to noise and/or vibration and changes in hibernacula temperatures.
Continued long-term declines in populations are predicted with global warming.
10 Additional studies required for recovery objectives and actions to be defined:
10.1 Investigate the habitat and population dynamics in Buller-Stirling area.
10.2 Determine effects of ski industry (notably use of snow-grooming equipment over habitat) on over-winter survival.
10.3 Continue population and habitat monitoring and consequent on-ground protection and planning.
10.4 Research into population dynamics, food resources, genetics and hibernation.
10.5 Investigate possible occurrence in Cobberas - Tingaringy region in eastern Vic.
11 Recovery objectives:
11.1 To conserve the present extent of all remaining habitat and maintain it in a condition to support existing population levels.
11.2 To define habitat and population levels in Buller-Stirling area (Vic.) and reassess total population size and distribution of habitat in NSW.
11.3 To restore or re-create habitat in areas of high productivity and/or disturbance.
11.4 To define source and sink populations, understand genetic interrelationships and produce a metapopulation dynamics model.
11.5 To review threatening processes and predict the probability of long-term persistence in the wild.
11.6 To determine the feasibility of a viable captive breeding program.
12 Management actions completed or under way:
12.1 Distribution is reasonably well defined, general ecology and population dynamics has been studied at two sites over the last 15 years. A government-endorsed management plan exists in Victoria (Mansergh et al. 1989) and a recovery plan is about to be finalised in NSW.
12.2 Legislative and operational protection of all habitat needs to be finalised. Where minor incursions occur, compensatory mechanisms need to be implemented.
12.3 Monitoring of populations in ski resorts and control areas has been initiated and should be continued.
12.4 Research on hibernation is underway in NSW; this needs to be extended to investigate the effects of snowgrooming (eg. noise, snow compaction/ transfer) and loss of snow cover on hibernation and winter survival.
12.5 A captive colony is being established at Healesville Sanctuary.
13 Management actions required:
13.1 Complete and implement management plan for NSW population.
13.2 Continue implementation of Vic. management plan, expand to include clarification of Mt Buller-Stirling population.
13.3 Continue research aimed at producing a reliable metapopulation dynamics model.
14 Organisation(s) responsible for conservation of species:
Vic. Department of Natural Resources and Environment, NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service.
15 Other organisations or individuals involved:
Healesville Sanctuary, Alpine Resorts Commission (Vic.), individual ski resorts.
16 Staff and financial resources required for recovery to be carried out:
Scientific Officer - Vic. ($40 000 p.a.); Project Officer (1/2 time) and Technical Officer (full time) - NSW ($65,000 p.a.).
Financial resources required - NB implementing non-biological aspects (eg. remedial action in habitat in Vic.) could cost additional tens of thousands of dollars - to be sought from resorts/organisations involved.
Action Total Cost
Habitat protection/predator control $144 000
Mt Buller-Stirling population (Vic. only) $56 000
Hibernation research $150 000
Population survey and monitoring $353 000
Research $370 000
Education/recovery team $60 000
Recovery Team $55 000
Captive management - Healesville $60 000
Total 1996-2000 $1 248 000
References:
Broom R. 1896. On a small fossil marsupial with large grooved premolars. Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales 10, 563.
Mansergh I.M. 1988. The ecology and conservation of the Mountain Pygmy-possum (Burramys parvus) in Victoria with comparisons to New South Wales. PhD Thesis, La Trobe University, Victoria (unpublished).
Mansergh I.M. and L.S. Broome 1994. The Mountain Pygmy-possum of the Australian Alps. New South Wales University Press, Sydney.
Mansergh I. M., Kelly P. and Scotts D. J. 1989. Management strategy and guidelines for the conservation of the Mountain Pygmy-possum (Burramys parvus) in Victoria. Arthur Rylah Institute Environmental Research Technical Report No. 66.