CFLs HEALTH FACT SHEET 4 - Migraines
Can people who suffer from migraines use compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)?
Concerns have been raised that compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) may have adverse impacts on the health of some people. One such concern is the effects of CFL 'flicker' on migraine sufferers.
What are migraines?
Migraine is one of the most common diseases of the nervous system. In developed countries migraine affects about 10-15 per cent of people. Migraines can be triggered by many different things, including stress, exercise, certain foods, bright light, flickering light, loud noises, strong smells, lack of sleep or too much sleep. In women, attacks may be triggered by hormonal changes, for example during menstruation.
If light is suspected as the triggering event for migraines, ordinary headaches, or even eyestrain, the primary cause is likely to be glare, highly contrasting, or inappropriate light levels. These problems are a result of poor lighting design rather than a feature of fluorescent lamps and can occur with any lighting technology if used inappropriately. Light fittings that enclose lamps and distribute light evenly without compromising light output and efficiency can help avoid these problems.
The UK migraine action association (http://www.migraine.org.uk) recommends:
- Ensuring that lighting is adequate and well positioned
- Fluorescent lighting should be properly maintained to minimise flicker
- Fluorescent lamps should be fitted with the correct type of diffuser to imitate natural daylight as much as possible
- Avoid reflected glare from shiny/polished surfaces, plain white walls etc, opt for matt finishes and break up surfaces with pictures, posters or plants
- Fit adjustable blinds to windows.
CFL 'flicker'
While light sources with a detectable flicker can trigger migraines in susceptible individuals, CFLs 'flicker' at a rate well above that detectable by the human brain and so should not affect migraine sufferers. As part of their normal operation fluorescent lamps flash on and off very rapidly - CFLs 'flicker' at a rate of more than 20,000 times per second, modern linear fluorescent tubes at more than 5,000 times per second, and older style linear fluorescents at 100 times per second. Occasionally, fluorescent lamps may develop a fault which causes them to have a noticeable flicker- these lamps should be replaced.
What are the alternatives for individuals with migraines?
It is important to note that compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) are not being mandated. More efficient forms of incandescent lighting will continue to be available, such as mains voltage halogen lamps. Mains voltage halogens have a very similar appearance to the traditional incandescent light bulb, can be used in all of the same fittings, and are readily available. The halogen gas they contain allows them to operate at a higher temperature, which results in higher efficiency levels. However, mains voltage halogens are not as energy efficient as CFL alternatives.
When changing from an inefficient incandescent lamp to a more efficient alternative make sure that you select a product with an equivalent light output (or brightness) to the lights you already have in your home.
Globe conversion table
The globe conversion table is designed to assist you in your selection of a more energy efficient lighting alternative that best suits your lighting requirements.
As the phase-out of inefficient light bulbs progresses, the Australian Government will continue to consider health issues and examine options to address any significant concerns. This may include providing information about possible impacts on migraine sufferers and or information about new and emerging lighting alternatives.
Energy efficient lights
Energy saving tips
More information about energy efficient lighting:
- Good ideas about lighting - Global Warming Cool it
- Lighting - Your Home Design Guide
- Public lighting - guide for local government
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